Sovereign Otto controlled the church during his reign by appointing princes and royal agents as bishops and abbots (425). The revival of the church, however, began with the weakening of the German Empire in the 11th century (425). During this period, the Church declared its independence from government control by embracing a reform movement, the Cluny Reform Movement (425). The reform implemented in the monastery of Cluny in France aimed to "free the Church from secular political influence and control" (425). The reformers were supported in their efforts by popular respect for the church as the people admired clerics and monks (425). During this period, every man had the opportunity to become Pope; the Pope should have been elected by the people and clergy of Rome (425). The Church also promised a better life to people whose current was relatively harsh (425). The reformers condemned the state's current mixing of religions and secular institutions, as well as the submission of the clergy to royal authority (425). They taught that only the Pope commanded the clergy and asked for separation...