The commonly used IE approaches to address the problem are heuristics, simulation, queuing theory and optimization. Most approaches consider either direct waiting costs or indirect waiting costs, but not both. Solution 1- In this method a single batch process is followed where a certain session block is allotted to the doctor and the available session time is divided into intervals and most of the patients are served before the end of the session. The main disadvantage of this system is that the length of the interval is not constant. The number of patients is the decision variable. Appointments are made on a FIFO basis. It can be further classified into single block planning and sequential block planning. Solution-2 It uses queuing theory and has generally been regarded as a unitary process. In this approach, appointments are scheduled at fixed regular intervals, and the duration of the interval is a decision variable and the service times are a random variable. Cost-based optimizations are used to reduce waiting costs, and most of the waiting times in this method are direct waits