I would like to discuss the role of Arab scientists in the preservation of Greek science and knowledge. Many people living in the 21st century fail to recognize the debt they owe to these scientists of the Middle Ages. Arab scientists not only kept the foundations of Greek science alive, but expanded its scope, establishing and strengthening the “foundations on which modern science is built.” It all began as early as the 9th century when Caliph Ma'mun, who was the ruler of Baghdad from 813 to 833, built the “House of Wisdom”. It was a learning center that housed “a library, a translation office and a school.” Within a century of its birth, there were several translations of Greek scientific works and knowledge into Arabic. Caliph Ma'mun is said to have sent several envoys to areas as far away as Constantinople to recover Greek works. Throughout the medieval period, Muslim medical scholars translated texts by Hippocrates, Aristotle, Plato, Galen, and Dioscorides into Arabic, as it was considered at the time to be “the language of academia.” Thanks to many of these translations, much of medieval Arabic medicine was founded on the four classical Greek elements first recognized by Empedocles and the four humors first reported and used by Hippocrates. Jundi Shapur University, located in Persia, was responsible for the Syriac translations of many of Galen's Greek writings. The Syriac translations were later translated into Arabic which became a major influence for Persian scholars such as Rhazes and Avicenna. There were many notable scholars who were crucial in recovering, translating, and improving the Greek works they found. Hunayn ibn Ishaq was one of the scholars who had the...... middle of paper ...... used borrowed geometry to demonstrate that vision occurs when rays of light pass from objects to the eye .L he most important application of mathematics was in astronomy as it helped guide them into the wilderness. The translated works of the Greek astronomer Ptolemy did much to inspire the Arabs to study astronomy. Arab scientists used a Greek device known as an astrolabe to help them calculate “the position of the stars and the movement of the planets” and also helped them keep track of time. Arab scientists did a brilliant job in preserving the science and knowledge of the Greeks. The works of scholars such as Al Rhazi, Ibn Sina, Ibn Rhusd, etc. they helped shape modern science as we know it today and much credit is due to them. Without them the works of Greek scholars would probably have been lost forever.