Color blindness occurs when an individual is unable to distinguish certain colors. This is due to a genetic mutation that affects the retina of the eye. The percentage of men diagnosed with color blindness is higher than women. This is because the X chromosome contains the color blindness gene, and men need only one X chromosome to carry the gene and get the condition where women need two. Women are usually carriers of the condition, but do not suffer from color blindness. Color blindness may begin at birth or may only be clearly visible during childhood or adulthood. Color blindness can affect everyday activities, such as choosing clothes to wear, looking at traffic lights, cooking and knowing if meat is cooked, etc. The retina of the eye contains two types of light-sensitive cells called rods and cones. Rods and cones are photoreceptors that transfer visual signals from the eye to the brain. Cones are less sensitive to light than rods and function primarily in bright light. Cones are more sensitive to colors. The eye has three types of cones: red, blue and green. Each cone has a unique pigment that allows it to receive a specific wavelength of light. Normal color vision is observed when the brain incorporates everything received from each cone. There are three types of hereditary color blindness: monochromacy, dichromacy and anomalous trichromacy. Monochromacy is a type of color blindness in which you have no cones to recognize colors and therefore cannot see any colors. A person with monochromatic vision would only see a variety of shades of gray. Dichromatic vision limits a person to having only two of the three cones functioning well. There are three types of dichromatic vision: deuteranopia, pr...... middle of paper ......offspring have a 50% chance of contracting the disease. People can find out what type of color blindness they have by taking a color test. There are many different types of these color tests. The best known and most common test is the Ishihara test which displays a series of colored dots on the screen showing a number and if the person cannot see that number or sees a different number, then the person is color blind. And if they continue with the test they will eventually be able to find out what type they are. There is no way to genetically treat and eliminate color blindness, but there are other remedies. Some treatments include corrective lenses, which help by changing the wavelength of certain colors that reach the eye. There are also devices that fit into the ear and the device tells them the color seen. Additionally there are mobile apps and other apps to assist.