Francis Ferdinand was the Archduke of Austria-Hungary. On June 28, 1914, Ferdinand and his wife, Sophie, were visiting Sarajevo when the two were murdered by Gavrilo Princip, a member of the Serbian terrorist group, the Black Hand. After several failed attempts by the Black Hand members that day, the members were losing hope. However, due to a miscommunication with the driver of Ferdinand and his wife's car, they were forced to turn into an alley where Princip was hiding. Two shots later, the two were dead within minutes and Austria-Hungary was ready to leave. The Serbs' pay for what they did. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand had several effects, but the greatest was the start of the First World War. Franz Ferdinand's assassination had a few causes, but the main one was that people in the empire were unhappy. The Serbs were upset at the way Franz Ferdinand was conquering lands and making bad decisions. The Serbs “were particularly dissatisfied with the government's acceptance of Austria-Hungary's annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina” (Knežević). Bosnia and Herzegovina was Serbian land that the Serbs wanted for themselves, but Franz Ferdinand took it and made it part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Franz Ferdinand wanted to keep the Balkan states under control to loosen nationalist forces and "believed that the best way for this to happen was to expand the empire and create an equal role for the Slavs" (Archduke Franz Ferdinand: The Pawn). Serbian nationalists, however, wanted to be completely independent from Austria-Hungary and agitated at the idea of ​​becoming part of the empire. Not only had Franz Ferdinand stirred up Serbian feelings towards the empire, but the day he was… in the center of the map… from the North Sea to the Baltic Sea” (Pendergast 5). France knew that Germany was already an enemy and had influence over many countries, so it allied itself with Russia. The two countries agreed that they “had to protect the Slavic populations living east of the Austro-Hungarian border” (Pendergast 6). France and Russia agreed that the Slavic people deserved their own separate state and were willing to go to war against the Dual Alliance to make this happen. These two alliances, the Dual Alliance and the Triple Entente, were both called upon to fight against each other during the First World War. With the alliances ready, the only thing to do was to call upon them in times of need. After the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the Austro-Hungarian Empire unleashed a war that pitted Serbia and its allies against Austria-Hungary and Germany..