The “open window” in stress-induced immunosuppression may occur as part of a hypometabolic state that may be beneficial to the host. Acute stress can induce a beneficial immune trafficking response, whereas chronic stress can induce a state in which NK cell activity is downregulated and proinflammatory cytokines are increased beyond the “open window.” Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essay A patient population that exhibits long-term weakened cellular immunity, as well as longer recovery times and abnormalities in metabolic functions, may functionally impair performance and/or recovery, while potentially being synonymous with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ( CFS). Activities that require high effort also require an increase in metabolism, which at the cellular level is capable of being pathological, protective and regulatory depending on the stress response to stimulation, environment and duration of time. Despite the heterogeneity of factors, some of the underlying cellular responses are highly conserved, which may help with targeted therapeutic strategies if metabolic states can be recognized by known underlying metabolites. Factors such as adenosine depletion are an aspect of immunosuppression. However, whether purine depletion or mTORC1 inhibition follows first, immunomodulatory activity still needs to be determined. Mechanistically, immunomodulation involves upstream regulators of mTOR that sense cellular purine status, whereby restoration of intracellular adenine via exogenous purines reactivates mTOR and depletion of cellular purines inhibits mTOR. Consumption of BCAA/AA and nucleoside analogues that are detected upstream (activation of cell membrane receptors) through signal transduction pathways, stimulate adaptive and nutrient-sensitive receptors to signal downstream (production of second messengers after activation of the cell membrane) where exogenous nucleotides are a currency, in exchange, of the bioenergetics of sensing the total abundance of nucleotides in cells and protein synthesis or, conversely, lysosomal autophagy. Glutamine is one of many currencies for these signal transduction pathways as growing mammalian cells utilize glutamine as a nitrogen source for TCA cycle metabolites where reactions replenish TCA cycle intermediates that occur due to breakdown of glutamine when glucose levels are low to maintain the energy production of the TCA cycle. BCAAs, glutamine, and glutamic acid are abundant in the protein content of edible mushrooms and are necessary for human physiological functions. Therefore, once the robust chitinous cell walls of fungi have been completely broken down, they provide BCAAs to regulate mTOR-mediated protein, regulate and activate cytokines, as well as modulate the uptake of glutamine and glutamic acid for chitinase activation. If the extracted products are incorporated, the presence of heavier molecular weight β-glucans and secondary metabolites for immunomodulatory and immunostimulatory activity is acquired via Dectin-1 cascades. However, the quality of fungal products is based on different measurements between species, powders vs extracts and fruit body vs mycelium products. There are no unique rules for evaluating the quality of mushroom products. The mycelium is the actual living organism, while the fruiting body is a reproductive structure that produces spores to continue the life cycle. Growing mushrooms commercially is no feat,.