IndexIntroductionMain bodyConclusionReferencesIntroductionFrom the progress of medical science since the beginning of civilization also came progress of philosophy/psychology from the first established civilizations such as the Greeks who were fascinated with personality, in particularly Hippocrates who developed his own diagnostic tool based on a person's personality (Kushner, I. 2013). Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an Original Essay Personality is the center of every being in the field of psychotherapy and counseling. The first thing that comes to mind is the word itself and the meaning behind it. 'Persona' in Latin means mask. Personality has fascinated many psychologists such as Sigmund Freud, Freud, S., & Bonaparte, P. M. (1954), Erick Erickson, Widick, C., Parker, C. A., & Knefelkamp, ​​L. (1978), Carl Jung, Jung, C.G. (2014), Ivan Pavlov, Pavlov, I.P., &Anrep, G.V. (1960), B.F. Skinner, Skinner, B.F. (1971), Albert Ellis, Ellis, A. (1962) & Arron Beck (Beck, AT Ed. 1979). Everyone has developed their own ideas and concepts in psychotherapy, as well as personality and how to develop as beings even in a therapeutic context. Furthermore, in the future personality has become the focus of psychotherapy and how human beings develop as they grow. One of the most famous is Freud and his psychosexual development of children, which is still studied and reviewed today (Simon, W & Gagnon, J. 1969). However, Freud's work being somewhat limiting due to lack of research and a more psychologist-doctor-patient focused relationship, there was a need for more client-led and client-focused therapies after the World War, soldiers traumatized people needed treatment and therefore the development of many therapies entered the development phase, 2 of these are cognitive and behavioral therapies. At the time the two separate therapies were developed by Aaron Beck Beck, AT Ed (1979) cognitive therapy and later by Albert Ellis who created REBT rational emotional behavioral therapy who invented the ABC method (Ellis, A. 1991). Acronym for A, activating event, B, belief triggered by the activating event and C, which is the consequence of the two mentioned above. The cognitive process subsequently merges with the works of Aaron Beck and Albert Ellis to become cognitive behavioral therapy due to the limitations found in both for example to understand behavior it is necessary to understand the cognitive process of the mind and to understand cognition it is necessary to understand the behavior produced due to the thought process behind the action. Behavioral therapies have helped treat neurotic disorders such as anxiety-related problems and obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) Butler, G., Fennell, M., Robson, P., & Gelder, M. (1991), however they have not helped with depression such as anxiety being neurotic leading to psychosis resulting in depression as part of the package which was limiting, so psychologists of the time began to combine cognition in therapy to fully understand both the neurotic and psychotic sides of depression and get a bigger picture of their clients here and now, as well as focus on clients' beliefs, experiences and feelings, to help them recover more fully. CBT in the current era is a mix of many techniques combined through psychotherapy models and cognitive techniques used to help clients manage their symptoms, solve problems, retrain or restructure irrational thinking, exposure to fears or phobias, is also used to help educate clients in a more professional manner known as psychoeducation,Blagys, M.D. & Hilsenroth, M.J. (2002) which helps clients understand and self-regulate mental health and general life situations, which also helps with stress regulation and better control of future situation that may occur in life. CBT compared to other therapeutic approaches is a short-term treatment program that can consist of 6-20 sessions depending on the client's needs. For treatment to take place, a therapist must understand the mental health illnesses and disorders and problems experienced by clients. These mental health illnesses can involve a number of different issues such as anxiety, depression, or both together, and eating disorders that come in many forms. Understanding comes from the root cause of these diseases and disorders and how to better help clients manage them so they can live normal, happy lives. There are currently many different treatments based on the therapy model that can be used in counseling, however in this article a comparison of the differences between treatments for 2 of the mental health disorders and illnesses mentioned will be made. The comparison will be based on CBT treatments and person-centered therapy and how they treat eating disorders, anxiety and depression. The main BodyCBT approach looks at a more structured and researched approach to treatment based on a systematic method focused on treating clients with various illnesses and mental health disorders (People, JB 1989). CBT in treatment primarily helps clients take control and ownership so that recovery can occur. In therapy, therapists would develop a relationship with clients and discuss their triggers and defense mechanisms when dealing with the client's illnesses and disorders. However, treatment can only be successful with a willing client who is able to engage when the therapist assigns homework to educate the client about his or her illness and how the therapy works. CBT treats many different types of mental health illnesses and disorders, some of which include depression, anxiety and eating disorders. Depression is a mental illness, there are various causes of depression, some of which come from natural reactions to traumatic experiences experienced in childhood or adulthood, they can be defense mechanisms or a pathological reaction and even a cognitive distortion. Symptoms of depression can vary from person to person: it can be a form of sadness or low mood, an illness in which the person loses interest in the world and the things around them that interest them, lack of sleep or interrupted sleep, low self-esteem. esteem or guilt, lack of energy and tiredness, poor concentration, lack of appetite and intrusive thoughts or even suicidal thoughts and acts. There are many types of depression but as mentioned they can vary depending on the trauma a person experiences in any life event, there is bipolar disorder which can affect mood, persistent depressive disorder PDD or previously known as dysthymia or simply a depressive episode known as major. depressive that may last for a short period of time due to a life event. Anxiety can also be a part of depression, however anxiety is a natural human construct built through evolution arising from the caveman society or better known as homosapien, our species that helped them survive. It is a response to fear and adrenaline where it helped our ancestors survive and stay hidden compared to our Neanderthal counterparts who went extinct. There are many types of anxiety disorders, some of which are disorders ofpanic, general health anxiety or even phobia which can be specific or non-specific and also obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), these are just some of the many. anxiety disorders. The most common symptoms of anxiety can be butterflies in the stomach, tiredness, shortness of breath, headache, tremors or palpitations, or even muscle tension. However, symptoms can vary from person to person. There are many types of eating disorders, however generally an eating disorder is one where a person has an unhealthy attitude towards food which can impact and take over their life due to the illness. Eating disorders can involve eating too much or eating too little, it can be an obsession with weight and body image influenced by the media, the environment or personal irrational thinking. Eating disorders like many other illnesses and mental health disorders can affect anyone, however they can commonly affect women between the ages of 13 and 17. Symptoms vary depending on the type of disorder as some may be physical symptoms and others may be more cognitive symptoms, generally symptoms may include, undereating or overeating, having strict rituals or routines around food, or even mood swings. Physical symptoms may include dizziness, tremors, nausea, tiredness, difficulty digesting food, being overweight or underweight. The symptoms of these eating disorders are anorexia, binge eating disorder, bulimia or other specified eating disorders which are rare or unspecified due to conditioned education (Bruch, H. 1974). CBT will attempt to treat these diseases and disorders through various treatment methods as appropriate. the customer and his needs. CBT in illnesses and disorders would focus on negative thought patterns that display unhealthy behaviors, how you see yourself and other people in the world around you, and how your behaviors affect your thought process and feelings. CBT for anxiety, depression and eating disorders would be addressed based on which situations trigger behaviors that contribute to the illness and disorder. A CBT therapist will try to identify situations that create stressors and conditions in a client's life that cause illness or depression. Once these situations are identified, the therapist will examine current thought patterns and distorted perceptions to help treat clients. During therapy clients are encouraged to record reactions to life events that trigger their stressors using journals so that the therapist can identify irrational thoughts and behaviors. so that the therapist can challenge the client and break the thinking patterns behind them (Attwood, T. 2003). Journals also help clients self-evaluate, reflect and create self-awareness to manage their thoughts and behaviors in a healthy and positive way, as well as to manage their reactions to life events and external factors that may not be taken into account. There are many techniques used to challenge negative irrational thinking as this helps therapists to identify the client's thought process, few of these are overgeneralization which helps to focus on broad conclusions for an event based on the triggering event Ready, CB , Hayes, A.M., Yasinski, C.W., Webb, C., Gallop, R., Deblinger, E., & Laurenceau, J.P. (2015), All-or-nothing thinking McArdle, S., & Moore, P. (2012, which is based on perceptions of the world from a black point of view and white thinking perspective, challenging and focusing on the negative issue of irrational thought process,rejecting the positive where clients completely reject positive experiences, irrational thinking itself where a client takes everything too personally based on every reaction around them, people or things as if it's all my fault, self-hatred, believing whether it is something they did or said, internalization of everyone else's unrelated actions on a personal level Szentagotai, A., & Freeman, A. (2007) and finally unrealistic ways of making life events seem less valuable than not corresponds to reality. Once the therapist identifies these thought patterns, he seeks to challenge them and treat anxiety, depression and eating disorders accordingly while the client takes an active part in the treatment to be accountable and heal through self-awareness and motivation to become better rather than be controlled by your own. illness or eating disorder. Compared to the humanistic model or person-centered therapy created by Carl Rogers Rogers, CR and Russell, DE (2002), it has no directives and takes a completely different approach to the treatment of mental illnesses and disorders as it is person-centered. model believes that everyone is born good, is trustworthy and has the potential to solve their own problems and also has the ability to realize themselves. This is based on Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs Maslow, A., & Lewis, K.J. (1987) where Maslow wanted to understand human motivation and what drives them to do good, which led him to create his hierarchy of needs in which a person must fulfill 4 conditions to realize himself. These conditions are physiological, safety, social and esteem. These 4 conditions must be met for a person to self-actualize meaning to realize their potential and find meaning in life. Person-centeredness also allows the client to take charge of their therapy and focus more on feelings and emotions through trust by creating what are known as foundational conditions. The fundamental conditions are empathy, unconditional positive consideration and congruence; these conditions must be met for clients to feel safe and confident that treatment will take place. Person-centered therapy compared to CBT does not use specific techniques to help clients recover from illnesses and mental health disorders. It currently provides the conditions for the client to feel safe and secure so that they can build a relationship with their therapists and open up to talking about their current problems that impact their mental health or disorders. The person-centered therapist will focus on the client's goals by facilitating personal growth and development, helping the client become more open to experiences and increase self-esteem, eliminating negative feelings that lead to distress, and helping the client better understand whether same. The therapy can be divided into 3 phases in which in the first phase a relationship is built between the client and the consultant by providing the fundamental conditions, in phase 2 the problem that the client is going through is understood and in phase three the client is helped to create a change ( Wosket, V. 2008). ConclusionIn conclusion, CBT therapy and person-centered therapy have a very different and diverse approach to the treatment of mental health illnesses and disorders. CBT can only be effective with a willing client who can engage in treatment by collaborating with the counselor and engaging with therapy sessions, CBT can push clients to be more conflicted when dealing with clients' emotions and anxieties which may make them feel some feel uncomfortable emotionally and,.