Postmodernism is a very difficult concept to define. A French philosopher once defined postmodernism as “disbelief towards all metanarratives,” which essentially means a skeptical attitude towards all claims of absolute truth. Postmodern writers use elements and techniques that push the reader to question their reading experience and analyze their personal understanding of life and the values ​​of their society. There are excellent examples of postmodern writers using elements of postmodern writing, such as irony, magical realism, and fragmentation in the stories read in Mrs. Reynolds' 4U English class. The use of postmodern elements in these stories forces the reader to deepen their reading experience by going deeper into the writing and discovering how meaningful the story is to them and their worldview. Irony is when the reality of a situation is different from what it seems and when something happens that you don't expect. The most commonly used classic example is that of a fire department fire. Irony is found in David Arnason's "A Girl's Story", James Joyce's "Araby", and Naguib Mahfouz's "The Happy Man". In "A Girl's Story" David Arnason speaks directly to the reader about the process of creating a good story with interesting characters. The most obvious irony of this story is that "A Girl's Story" is actually written by a man, so it should really be called "A Man's Story" or "A Man's Story About A Girl." Another example of irony is when David Arnason creates his main character. He's thinking aloud about his character's hair color when he observes, "If I felt better maybe I could do it ironically, then black hair... middle of paper... think about what they find funny, what that society finds entertaining.These stories demonstrate how fragmentation pushes the reader to reflect and question their own thoughts and what makes sense to them or what they like and what they don't like. In conclusion, the use of elements of the postmodernism. a richness for literature and for the reader's reading experience Elements such as irony, magical realism and fragmentation cause people to think and make connections between the literature they are reading and how it connects to their own lives and to the lives of authors and readers. The stories studied in Mrs. Reynolds' 4U English class all contained many effective postmodern elements that pushed students to delve deeper into reading and understanding well-known English literature. Perhaps some people were enlightened and adopted a postmodern view of English world literature.