Swaziland has a fascinating culture that is often celebrated through its unique blend of musical styles. The country, which is landlocked by the Republic of South Africa and Mozambique, is the last remaining country to use a system of government similar to the structure of an absolute monarchy. Although it has some democracy today, most power still rests with their ruler, King Mswati III. In 2004, a humanitarian crisis was declared in Swaziland as the country was experiencing drought, land degradation, increased poverty and HIV/AIDS. Ultimately, Swaziland's devastating conditions have led to a distinctive musical style and culture that strives to inspire hope in the hearts and minds of its people. HIV and AIDS have had the most significant and destructive impact on Swaziland. It is estimated that nearly two-fifths of the country's adults have HIV/AIDS, which represents one of the highest infection rates in the world. This epidemic led to Swaziland having higher infant mortality, higher mortality rates, and a life expectancy of twenty-seven years. One reason the spread of HIV/AIDS is so difficult to contain is the polygamous nature of Swazi culture. Men are encouraged by their society to marry as many women as possible, which facilitates the spread of sexually transmitted diseases. Instead of giving up hope, the people of Swaziland have united in solidarity to overcome the country's deteriorating conditions. Through local customs and music, Swazis strive to express their plight and lift their spirits. Their two most important cultural events are Incwala and Umhlanga. The Umhlanga, or Reed Dance, takes place every year in August or September. The Reed Dance is a day-long ceremony... middle of the card... except for a few key differences. The bridge where the strings are pulled is much higher on a kora than on a lute and its body is much more rounded and wider. Its sound is similar to that of a harp when played in the traditional style, however, the kora's defining characteristic is that an ostinato riff can be played simultaneously with a lead run. While one might expect the citizens of Swaziland to create an oppressed people and an oppressed musical and cultural style due to their immense oppression and deteriorating conditions, they have come to resemble a certain variety of optimism that we can all learn from . Through defining events such as Incwala and Umhlanga, their culture remains a strong and essential part of the Swazi way of life. Swaziland has made its mark on the world of music through distinctive instruments and inspiration that will last a lifetime.