There are many business leaders like John Chambers of Cisco Systems and Howard Schultz of StarbucksTM who view their organization's employees as their assets and want to ensure that the talent they have is maintained and works with the same enthusiasm and satisfaction for years to come (Jackson, Schuler and Werner., 2009). These manpower resources working in organizations that perform various jobs in exchange for payments, incentives and other benefits are called Human Resources (HR) and the people who manage the resources, such as their recruitment, salaries, performance appraisers, are known as Human Resources Personnel (What is Human Resources, 2010). Human resources pushes the company to do its best by using finance, knowledge and other available resources. These human talents must be managed and nurtured to ensure organizational goals are achieved. The function that enables this task is called Human Resource Management (HRM) (Bohlander, G. & Snell, S., 2007). Human resource management ensures that human talent is used effectively by performing the following basic functions such as manpower planning, recruiting, performance management, training, development, salaries, benefits and industrial relations (Dowling, JP, Festing , M., & Engle, D.A., Sr., 2008). Wilton (2011, p.6) states that decades ago the organization had a separate department considered to have more administrative functions, such as working on payroll, maintaining leave records, conducting safety-related activities, training courses and union relations (industrial relations) etc. known as the Personnel Department which also handled human resources activities. However, in the mid-1980s the focus shifted to more people management techniques which have now emerged to become people... middle of paper....com/?What is Strategic Human Resource Management?&id =549585Storey, J. (2007). Human resource management: A critical text (3rd ed.). London: Thomson Learning.Storey, Wright, Ulrich. (2009). Routledge's companion to strategic human resource management (1st ed.). New York: Routledge. The service sector, high employment with low productivity growth prospects for emerging economies. (2010). Accounting Affairs and the Public Interest, 9, 125-146. What are human resources. (2010, September 17). Retrieved from http://www.hrconsultingadvisor.net: http://www.hrconsultingadvisor.net/hr-backbone-of-an-organization.htmlWilton, N. (2011). An introduction to human resource management. London: Sage Publications. Wright & Boswell. (2007). Desegregating human resources: A review and synthesis of micro and macro human resource management research. Russian Management Journal, V5, N1.